Percentage Calculator
Calculate percentages, increases, decreases, and more.
What is X% of Y?
Calculate a percentage of a number
25% of 100 is 25
10% of 100
10
25% of 100
25
50% of 100
50
75% of 100
75
- Percentage of a number:
P% × X = YTo find Y, multiply X by P/100
- Percentage increase/decrease:
((New - Original) / Original) × 100 = P%Positive result indicates an increase, negative indicates a decrease
- What percentage is X of Y:
(X / Y) × 100 = P%To find what percentage X is of Y
- Percentage difference:
(|X - Y| / ((X + Y) / 2)) × 100 = P%Measures the relative difference between two values
How to Use This Percentage Calculator
Our percentage calculator offers four different calculation types to help you solve various percentage problems:
- Percentage of a Number: Calculate what percentage of a number equals a specific value.
- Percentage Increase/Decrease: Find the percentage change between an original and new value.
- What Percentage is X of Y: Determine what percentage one number is of another.
- Percentage Difference: Calculate the relative difference between two values as a percentage.
Simply select the calculation type you need, enter the required values, and get instant results.
Understanding Percentages
A percentage is a number expressed as a fraction of 100. The symbol "%" represents percentage. For example, 50% means 50 out of 100, or half of the total.
Percentages are used in many everyday situations:
- Discounts and sales (20% off)
- Interest rates on loans and savings (5% interest)
- Tax rates (15% sales tax)
- Statistics and data analysis (75% of respondents)
- Academic grades (90% on a test)
Common Percentage Formulas
| Calculation Type | Formula | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Finding a percentage of a number | (Percentage / 100) × Number | 25% of 80 = (25/100) × 80 = 20 |
| Finding what percentage one number is of another | (Number / Total) × 100 | 15 is what % of 60? (15/60) × 100 = 25% |
| Finding the original number when a percentage is known | Final Number / (1 + Percentage/100) | 120 is 20% more than what? 120 / (1 + 20/100) = 100 |
| Percentage increase | ((New - Original) / Original) × 100 | From 50 to 75: ((75-50)/50) × 100 = 50% increase |
| Percentage decrease | ((Original - New) / Original) × 100 | From 80 to 60: ((80-60)/80) × 100 = 25% decrease |
Percentage Tips and Tricks
- Finding 10%: Simply move the decimal point one place to the left. For example, 10% of 250 is 25.0.
- Finding 1%: Move the decimal point two places to the left. For example, 1% of 250 is 2.5.
- Finding 5%: Find 10% and divide by 2. For example, 5% of 250 is 12.5.
- Finding 25%: Find 100% and divide by 4. For example, 25% of 250 is 62.5.
- Finding 50%: Find 100% and divide by 2. For example, 50% of 250 is 125.
- Finding 200%: Multiply the number by 2. For example, 200% of 250 is 500.
Real-World Applications
Shopping Discounts
When a store offers a 30% discount on a $80 item, you can calculate the sale price:
Discount amount = 30% of $80 = 0.3 × $80 = $24
Sale price = $80 - $24 = $56
Tipping at Restaurants
If your meal costs $45 and you want to leave a 20% tip:
Tip amount = 20% of $45 = 0.2 × $45 = $9
Total bill = $45 + $9 = $54
Sales Tax
If you purchase an item for $120 with a 7.5% sales tax:
Tax amount = 7.5% of $120 = 0.075 × $120 = $9
Total cost = $120 + $9 = $129
Interest on Loans
If you borrow $5,000 at 8% annual interest:
Interest for one year = 8% of $5,000 = 0.08 × $5,000 = $400
Monthly payment (interest only) = $400 ÷ 12 = $33.33